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CS403 Assignment no 3 Solution
Assignment No. 03
Semester Fall 2011 Database Management Systems-CS403 |
Total Marks: 15
Due Date:
29 – 12 – 2011
|
|
Objective
To understand the Mapping from ERD to
Relational Schema / tables (Logical Database Design).
Instructions:
Please
read the following instructions carefully before solving & submitting
assignment:
It
should be clear that your assignment will not get any credit if:
o The assignment is submitted after due
date.
o The submitted assignment does not open or
file is corrupt.
o The assignment is copied (from other
student or copy from handouts).
o The assignment is in the format other
than MS Word (doc).
o Student ID is not mentioned in the
assignment File or name of file is other than student ID.
For any
query about the assignment, contact at cs403@vu.edu.pk
GOOD LUCK
|
||
Assignment:
Map the given ER Diagram of “Inventory
Management System” into Relational Schema / Tables (Logical Database Design).
|
Customer:
- C-ID (Key)
- C-Name
- C-Address
- C-Phone#
Order:
- Order-ID (Key)
- O-Description
Invoice:
- Inv-ID (Key)
- Inv-Description
- Total-Amount
Product:
- P-ID (Key)
- P-Name
- P-Price
Category:
- Cat-ID (Key)
- Cat-Description
Vendor:
- V-ID (Key)
- V-Name
- V-Address
Store:
- S-ID (Key)
- S-Location
- S-Phone#
Hall:
- H-ID (Key)
- S-ID
Description.
• Customer can place many Orders at a time. He also may not place any Order
• There is always one Invoice for each Order.
• One Order can have one or many Products. And one Product can be ordered many times or may not be ordered at all.
• A Vendor provides many products and it is also possible that organization order single product from multiple vendors.
• One Category can have many products, but must have at least one product. And one product must belongs to a single category.
• A Store has Products of many Categories. And Products of one Category is always placed in one Store.
• One store has multiple halls and one hall belongs to single store.
• Customer can place many Orders at a time. He also may not place any Order
• There is always one Invoice for each Order.
• One Order can have one or many Products. And one Product can be ordered many times or may not be ordered at all.
• A Vendor provides many products and it is also possible that organization order single product from multiple vendors.
• One Category can have many products, but must have at least one product. And one product must belongs to a single category.
• A Store has Products of many Categories. And Products of one Category is always placed in one Store.
• One store has multiple halls and one hall belongs to single store.
CS201 Assignment no 3 Solution
Assignment No. 03
Semester: Fall 2011
CS201:
Introduction to Programming
|
Total
Marks: 20
Due
Date:29/12/2011
|
||
Instructions:
Please
read the following instructions carefully before submitting assignment. It should be clear that your assignment will not get any
credit if:
§
The assignment is submitted after due date.
§
The submitted assignment does not open or file is corrupt.
§
Assignment is copied(partial or full) from any source (websites,
forums, students, etc)
Note:
You have to upload only .cpp file. Assignment in any other format (extension)
will not be accepted and will be awarded with zero marks. For example, if you
submit code in .doc (Word document) or .txt files, no reward will be given in
any case.
Objectives:
The
objective of this assignment is to provide hands on experience of:
§
Structures
§
Dynamic
Memory allocation in C/C++
§
String
Manipulation Functions
§
File
Handling
Guidelines:
§
Code
should be properly indented and well commented.
§
Follow
C/C++ rules while writing variable names, function names etc
§
Use
only dev-C++ for this assignment.
§
Use
appropriate C/C++ structure i.e. if-else; switch statement etc to get inputs
from user where required (Marks will be deducted if inappropriate structure
will be used).
|
|||
Problem Statement: Flight Reservation System
Write a program for
Flight Reservation System which reserves the tickets for passengers of an Air
Line according to their requirements.
Detailed Description:
In
the program, you are required to make a structure with name 'Reservation' and
following are the data members of structure.
ñ Passenger Name
ñ Passenger Address
ñ Date of flight
ñ Destination to travel
ñ Flight No
ñ Seat No
In
the main() function, create of
variable of type Reservation. The variable of type Reservation should be created
dynamically using memory allocation function. After that, create following
user defined function as discussed below:
GetData(),
this function will set the values of above created structure variable according
to the inputs taken from user. It will prompt user to enter required
information for the, Passenger
Name, Passenger Address, Destination, Date of flight. User will be provided
three options for the destination that is: Karachi, Lahore and Peshawar.
Assigning Flight No and Seat
No:
The
user will chose one of three destinations and program will assign an
appropriate Flight No for the passenger. The Flight No will be assigned as
below:
Destination Flight No.
Karachi 201
Peshawar 233
Lahore 241
After
Assigning Flight No, the Seat No. will be assigned randomly which can be any
number from 0 to 200.
After
assigning the values for the above created variable of Reservation structure,
the structure will be passed to another user defined function WriteData()
for writing it to the
file.
In
the function WriteData(), you are
required to create a new text file name “data.txt” in same folder/directory
where you have saved your .cpp file. Open this file by using file handling
functions and then write all Reservation information in that file.
At the end, read all the data from
file by creating a function named ReadData()
and display the file contents on the screen.
Points To Remember:
Following
points should be kept in mind and handled accordingly, otherwise marks will
be deducted.
ñ Reading and writing from text file, must be
done with standard file handling functions provided in handouts.
ñ All data members must be declared and
initialized with appropriate data type.
ñ Exceptional cases must be kept in mind and
handled accordingly while taking input from user.
ñ User
must be prompted if there is any error while:
◦
Creating
a file.
◦
Opening
a file for reading/ writing.
|
|||
==================================================================
Solution
// Yasir Javaed //
// Mc090200982 //
#include<time.h>
#include<fstream.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<iostream.h>
using namespace std; // Name space Declearation //
struct Reservation
{
char pname[50];
char paddress[100];
char dateflight[8];
char destination[20];
int seatnum,flinum;
};
char Get(Reservation*, Reservation*,char[] ,Reservation*,Reservation*,int*);
char Write(Reservation, Reservation,char[], Reservation,Reservation,int);
char Read(Reservation ,Reservation,char [],Reservation ,Reservation ,int );
main()
{
Reservation pesanger;
Get(&pesanger,&pesanger,pesanger.destination,&pesanger,&pesanger,&pesanger.flinum);
Write(pesanger,pesanger,pesanger.destination,pesanger,pesanger,pesanger.flinum);
Read(pesanger,pesanger,pesanger.destination,pesanger,pesanger,pesanger.flinum);
getch();
}
char Get(Reservation *name,Reservation *address,char dest[],Reservation *date,Reservation *seat,int* fnum)
{
int choose; // First function declear and arrays create //
char kar[10]="Karachi";
char psh[10]="Peshawar";
char lhr[10]="Lahore";
cout<<"Please enter the Pessanger name : ";
gets((*name).pname);//cin.get((*n1).pn,50);
cout<<"Please enter the pessanger address : ";
cin.get((*address).paddress,100);//cin.get(info.pa,100);
cout<<endl<<"No.\t\tDestination\t\tFlight No"<<endl;
cout<<"1\t\tKarachi\t\t\t 201\n";
cout<<"2\t\tPeshawar\t\t 233\n";
cout<<"3\t\tLahore\t\t\t 241\n";
cout<<"Choose the Destination :";
cin>>choose;
switch(choose)
{
case 1:
*fnum=201; // assigning flight number 201 to all Karachi Passengers //
strcpy(dest,kar); // copy the destination into file //
break;
case 2:
*fnum=233; // assigning flight number 233 to all Peshawar Passengers //
strcpy(dest,psh); // copy the destination into file //
break;
case 3:
*fnum=241; // assigning flight number 241 to all Lahore Passengers //
strcpy(dest,lhr); // copy the destination into file //
break;
default :
cout<<"Invalud entry";
}
srand(time(NULL)); // random generator time //
(*seat).seatnum=rand()%200;
cout<<"\nPlease enter the Date of flight : ";
cin>>(*date).dateflight;
cout<<endl<<"Flight.# is : "<<*fnum<<endl;
cout<<"Seat# is : "<<(*seat).seatnum<<endl;
}
char Write(Reservation name,Reservation address,char dest[],Reservation date,Reservation seat,int fnum)
{
ofstream of;
char fname[]="data.txt";
of.open(fname);
if (!of)
{
cout<<"File cant be open"<<endl; // display summary of all input data //
system("pause");
}
of<<"Pessanger Name is : "<<name.pname<<endl;
of<<"Pessanger address is : "<<address.paddress<<endl;
of<<"Pessanger destiny is : "<<dest<<endl;
of<<"Pessanger Flight # is : "<<fnum<<endl;
of<<"Pessanger Seat # is : "<<seat.seatnum<<endl;
of<<"Pessanger date of flight is : "<<date.dateflight<<"-2012"<<endl;
of.close();
}
char Read(Reservation name,Reservation address,char dest[],Reservation date,Reservation seat,int fnum)
{
ifstream of;
char fname[]="data.txt";
of.open(fname);
if (!of)
{
cout<<"File cant be open"<<endl; // format data save in the file like this //
system("pause");
}
cout<<"\n\n\nPessanger Name is : "<<name.pname<<endl;
cout<<"Pessanger address is : "<<address.paddress<<endl;
cout<<"Pessanger destiny is : "<<dest<<endl;
cout<<"Pessanger Flight # is : "<<fnum<<endl;
cout<<"Pessanger Seat # is : "<<seat.seatnum<<endl;
cout<<"Pessanger date of flight is : "<<date.dateflight<<endl;
}
MGT603 Assignment No 2 Solution
Semester “Fall 2011”
Strategic Management (MGT603)
Assignment No. 02 Marks: 30
Let us assume that a sports company is operating in Pakistan with the name “Indus
Sports”. Indus Sports manufactures sports goods of both indoor and outdoor games. You
are required to formulate strategies based on the following SWOT Analysis of the
company. For your convenience, the boxes of the four groups of strategies (shaded as
yellow) are left vacant for you to fill.
TOWS Matrix for Indus Sports
Strengths-S
• Experienced
top management
• High capital reserves
• Imported machinery
• Factories in more than one
cities
|
Weaknesses-W
• No brand identity
• High employee turnover
• Less diversified portfolio
• Inexperienced lower staff
• No company
owned outlets
|
|
Opportunities-O
• High growth industry
• Sponsorship opportunity
• Growing
number of football fans
• Minimum govt. legislation
• Sports wear products
|
SO-Strategies
|
WO-Strategies
|
Threats-T
• Potential
entrance of multi-national company
• Load shedding
• High no. of competitors
|
ST-Strategies
|
WT-Strategies
|
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Steps for developing strategies:
There are eight steps involved in constructing a TOWS Matrix:
1. Rank external opportunities
2. Rank external threats
3. Rank internal strength
4. Rank internal weaknesses.
5. Match internal strengths with external opportunities and mention the result
in the SO Strategies cell.
6. Match internal weaknesses with external opportunities and mention the result
in the WO Strategies cell..
7. Match internal strengths with external threats and mention the result in the
ST Strategies cell.
8. Match internal weaknesses with external threats and mention the result in
the WT strategies cell.
SO Strategies:
Every firm desires to obtain benefit form its resources such benefit can only
be obtained if utilize its strength to take external opportunity. Resources (Assets)
an important firm’s strength to get opportunity for external resources. For
example the firm enjoying a good financial position which is strength for a
firm and externally opportunity to expand business. The strong financial
position provides an opportunity to expand the business. The matched strategy
is known as SO strategy.
WO Strategies:
WO Strategies developed to match weakness with
opportunities of the firm. WO strategy is very useful if the firm take
advantage to external resources in order to overcome the weakness. For example
the firm is in the critical financial problems that is weakness and firm is
availing merger with Multinational Corporation.
ST Strategies
WT Strategies
Every
firm has a desire to overcome its weakness and reducing threats. This type of
strategy helpful when weaknesses are removed to overcome external threats. It
is difficult to target WT strategy. For example weak distribution network
creating many problems for the firm if it strong many external threats can be
removed.
MKT501 Assignment No 2 Solution
SEMESTER FALL 2011
Marketing Management (MKT501)
Assignment No. 02
Due Date: Dec 27, 2011 Marks: 30
Topics Covered :
Read the given topics in detail to attempt the assignment.
1. Pricing
2. Pricing objectives
3. Pricing strategies
The Case :
Neven Corporation is an international coffee and coffeehouse chai n. Neven is the largest premium
coffeehouse company in the world, with 18,887 stores in 55 countries. Neven sells drip brewed
coffee, hot and cold drinks, coffee beans, espresso-based hot drinks, salads , hot and cold sandwiches
and pastries, snacks, and items such as mugs and tumblers.
Recently Neven observed customers are cutting back and switching to cheaper coffee shops. When
recession pushes customers to choose cheaper alternatives and switching from your products, cutting
your prices to keep the customers is best conventi onal strategy. This practice is usually followed and
accepted, it is not based on any analysis.
In such a disastrous situation when Neven was l oosing its customers, Neven decided to raise its
prices by as much as 10%.
Requirements:
1. In the given case of Neven, how did they decide at price increase? ( 15)
2. Do you think there will be a fall in sales? How long should the sales fall to nullify the benefits o f
price increase? ( 15)
Instructions:
Please read the following instructions carefully before preparing the assignment solution:
• Solve this assignment in your own words.
• You can take idea/concept from Video lectures, recommended books, reference
books, internet etc
• Copy from internet, VU-Student’s websites/blogs will be graded as zero.
Note:
Only in the case of Assignment, 24 hours extra / grace period after the due date is
usually available to overcome uploading difficulties wh ich may be faced by the
students on last date. This extra time should only be used to meet the emergencies
and above mentioned due dates should always be treated as final to avoid any
inconvenience.
Other Important Instructions:
Deadline:
• Make sure to upload the solution file before the due date on VULMS.
• Any submission made via email a fter the due date will not be accepted.
Formatting guidelines:
• Use the font style “Times New Rom an” or “Arial” and font size “12”.
• It is advised to compose your document in MS-Word format.
• You may also compose your assignment in Open Office format.
• Use black and blue font colors only.
Solution guidelines:
• Use APA style for referencing and citati on. For guidance search “APA reference
style” in Google and read various website containing information for better
understanding or visit http://linguistics.byu.edu/faculty/henrichsenl/apa/APA01.html
• Every student will work individually and ha s to write in the form of an analytical
assignment.
• Give the answer according to question, there will be negative marking for irrelevant
material.
• For acquiring the relevant knowledge do not rely only on handouts but watch the
video lectures and use other reference books also.
Rules for Marking
Please note that your assignment will not be graded or graded as Zero (0), if:
• It is submitted after the due date.
• The file you uploaded does not open or is corrupt.
• It is in any format other than MS-Word or Open Office; e.g. Excel, PowerPoint, PDF
etc.
• It is cheated or copied from other students, internet, books, journals etc.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SOLUTION:
Solution:
Neven is actually now starting
price skimming. (Charge a high pnice because you have a substatial competitive
advantage. However, the advantage is not sustainable. )
“Skim the cream” pricing involves
selling at a high price to those who are willing to pay before aiming at more
price-sensitive consumers. This expression comes from the farming practice of
milking cows – the cream rises to the top and you skim it off. The advantage of
using a Skimming price policy is that you can theoretically get the maximum
profit from each level of customer
Skimming Pricing
“A Skimming policy is more
attractive if demand is inelastic says the Shapiro text – remember inelastic
means there are no dose substitutes – products that people will pay a high
price for because there is nothing else they can buy the is close to the item
~ ~ Prof. Allen says
“A skimming pricing policy involves
setting prices of products relatively high compared to those of similar
products and then gradually lowering prices. The skimming price is the highest
price possible that buyers who most desire the product will pay (skim the cream
off the top — skim the innovators). This market segment is more interested in
quality, status, uniqueness, etc. This policy is effective in situations where
a firm has a substantial lead over competition with a new products
2. Do you think there will be a
fall in sales? How long should the sales fall b nullify the benefits of price
increase? (15)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Solution:
The high price tends to attract new
competitors into the market, and the price inevitably falls due to increased
supply. Once other manufacturers were tempted into the market and the watches
were produced at a lower unit cost, other marketing strategies and pricing
approaches are implemented.
Solution:
Neven is actually now starting price skimming. (Charge a high pnice because you have a substatial competitive advantage. However, the advantage is not sustainable. )
"Skim the cream" pricing involves selling at a high price to those who are willing to pay before aiming at more price-sensitive consumers. This expression comes from the farming practice of milking cows - the cream rises to the top and you skim it off. The advantage of using a Skimming price policy is that you can theoretically get the maximum profit from each level of customer
Skimming Pricing
"A Skimming policy is more attractive if demand is inelastic says the Shapiro text - remember inelastic means there are no dose substitutes
- products that people will pay a high price for because there is nothing else they can buy the is close to the item
~ ~ Prof. Allen says
"A skimming pricing policy involves setting prices of products relatively high compared to those of similar products and then gradually lowering prices. The skimming price is the highest price possible that buyers who most desire the product will pay (skim the cream off the top -- skim the innovators). This market segment is more interested in quality, status, uniqueness, etc. This policy is effective in situations where a firm has a substantial lead over competition with a new products
2. Do you think there will be a fall in sales? How long should the sales fall b nullify the benefits of price increase? (15) Solution:
The high price tends to attract new competitors into the market, and the price inevitably
falls due to increased supply. Once other manufacturers were tempted into the market and the watches were produced at a lower unit cost, other marketing strategies and pricing approaches are implemented.
Neven is actually now starting price skimming. (Charge a high pnice because you have a substatial competitive advantage. However, the advantage is not sustainable. )
"Skim the cream" pricing involves selling at a high price to those who are willing to pay before aiming at more price-sensitive consumers. This expression comes from the farming practice of milking cows - the cream rises to the top and you skim it off. The advantage of using a Skimming price policy is that you can theoretically get the maximum profit from each level of customer
Skimming Pricing
"A Skimming policy is more attractive if demand is inelastic says the Shapiro text - remember inelastic means there are no dose substitutes
- products that people will pay a high price for because there is nothing else they can buy the is close to the item
~ ~ Prof. Allen says
"A skimming pricing policy involves setting prices of products relatively high compared to those of similar products and then gradually lowering prices. The skimming price is the highest price possible that buyers who most desire the product will pay (skim the cream off the top -- skim the innovators). This market segment is more interested in quality, status, uniqueness, etc. This policy is effective in situations where a firm has a substantial lead over competition with a new products
2. Do you think there will be a fall in sales? How long should the sales fall b nullify the benefits of price increase? (15) Solution:
The high price tends to attract new competitors into the market, and the price inevitably
falls due to increased supply. Once other manufacturers were tempted into the market and the watches were produced at a lower unit cost, other marketing strategies and pricing approaches are implemented.
STA630 Assignment no 2 Solution
SEMESTER FALL 2011
Resarch Methods (STA630)
Assignment No. 2
Due Date: 27 December, 2011 Marks: 30
Assignment: While designing a questionnaire, a researcher should be very careful and try to avoid the errors that
cause the hindrance in collecting the correct and appropriate information. Generally, following types
of errors are found in the questions.
a) Questions are ambiguous or vague
b) Questions are double barreled
c) Questions are leading
d) Questions are burdensome
e) Questions are loaded
You have been provided some questions that are part of a questionnaire. You are required to:
1. Identify the type of error(s) in the following questions 5*2 = 10
2. Correct these error (s) 5*4 = 20
Question 1:
Don’t you think that your organization should increase the salaries of employees in
these days where cost of living rising everyday?
1. Yes
2. No
Question 2:
How much satisfied are you with the be havior of your boss and coworkers?
1. Highly satisfied
2. Satisfied
3. Neutral
4. Dissatisfied
5. Highly dissatisfied
Question 3:
Should Pakistani government accept Israel as a state and have diplomatic
relationships, in spite of the fact that Isr ael is killing innocent Muslims in Palestine?
1. Yes
2. No
Question 4:
Is your organization providing health and life insurance to the employees?
1. Yes
2. No
Question 5:
How much your income is?
_____________ Rupees
Note:
Only in the case of Assignment, 24 hours extra / grace period after the due date is
usually available to overcome uploading difficulties wh ich may be faced by the
students on last date. This extra time should only be used to meet the emergencies and
above mentioned due date should be treated as final.
Other Important Instructions:
Deadline:
• Make sure to upload the solution file before the due date on VULMS.
• Any submission made via email a fter the due date will not be accepted.
Formatting guidelines:
• Use the font style “Times Ne w Roman” and font size “12”.
• It is advised to compose your document in MS-Word format.
• You may also compose your assignment in Open Office format.
• Use black and blue font colors only.
Solution guidelines:
• Use APA style for referencing and citati on. For guidance search “APA reference
style” in Google and read various website containing information for better
understanding or visit http://linguistics.byu.edu/facu lty/henrichsenl/apa/APA01.html
• Every student will work indivi dually and has to write in the form of an analytical
assignment.
• Give the answer according to question, there will be negative marking for irrelevant
material.
• For acquiring the relevant knowledge do not rely only on handouts but watch the
video lectures and use other reference books also.
Rules for Marking
Please note that your assignment will be graded as Zero (0), if:
• It is submitted after the due date.
• The file you uploaded does not open or is corrupt.
• It is in any format other than MS-Word or Open Office; e.g. Excel, PowerPoint, PDF
etc.
• It is cheated or copied from other students, internet, books, journals etc.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q.1. Answers:- Types of errors
1.Question is Leading
2.Question is burdensome
3.Question is loaded
4.Question is double barreled
5.Question is Ambiguous or vague
Q.2.Answers:-
Question 1: Corrected Questions
Do you think that your organization should increase the salaries of employees in
those days where cost of living rising everyday?
1. Yes
2. No
Question 2:
How much satisfied, are you with the behavior of your boss and co-workers?
1. Highly satisfied
2. Satisfied
3. Neutral
4. Dissatisfied
5. Highly dissatisfied
Question 3:
Should Pakistani government accept the Israel as a state and have diplomatic
relationships, in spite of the fact that the Israel is killing innocent Muslims in Palestine?
1. Yes
2. No
Question 4:
Is your organization providing health or life insurance to the employees?
1. Yes
2. No
Question 5:
How much your income?
_____________ Rupees
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